Permanent casting mold



C. D. PETTIS PERMANENT CASTING MOLD June 16, 1925.

5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 5, 1924 June 16, 1925. 1,542,640

6. D. PETTIS PERMANENT CAS TI NG MOLD Filed Nov. 5, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet2 1,542,640 0. D. PETTIS PERMANENT G55 TI NG MOLD June 16, 1925.

Filed NOW 24 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 l l 1 I i I J tral base lug 15.

Patented June 16, 1925.

UNITED STATES CLIFTON 1). runs, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

PERMANENT CASTING MOLD.

Application filed November 3, 1924. Serial no. 747,481.

To all/whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLIFTON D. PETTIS, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the city of New York, and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Permanent Casting Molds.

The invention relates to repetition molds or so-called permanent moldsfor casting iron and other high melting oint metals and seeks to providea mold 0 simple, durable construction which can be readily and rapidlyoperated and which is more particularly adapted for cast iron valve cockcasings, pipe fittings and like articles, although its utility is notlimited in this respect. The invention consists in the features ofimprovement hereinafter set forth, illustrated in the preferred form inthe accompanying drawings and more particularly pointed out in theappended claims.

In the drawings Figure L is a vertical section of the improved moldtaken on the parting line between the mold members;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation-of the mold;

Fig. 3 is. an end elevation;

Fig. 4 is across section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a detailed horizontal section on the line 55 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 6 is a detailed vertical section on line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

The mold consists of two chambered or hollow members preferably formedof cast iron, each consisting of an inner wall formed of sections 10 anda box-like receptacle having exposed or outer side and edge walls 11 and12. Each receptacle has integral lugs-or arms 13, preferably three innumber, depending from its lower edge wall and the lugs or arms of-bothreceptacles engage a common horizontal pivot pin 14 that is mounted inupstanding lugs 15 on a supporting base 16-. .As shown in Fig. 2, theend arms 18 are arranged in overlapping contact with the outer armsengaging the inner faces of theend lugs 15 on the base, and the centerarms 13 are arranged on opposite sides ofand in contact with the centhusarranged to swing about a common horizontal axis below them and in linewith their parting plane and are accurately guided and properlycentered'in closed position. In open position the moldmembers areoutward y inclined and, when the mold The mold members are is closed,the members are in vertical position. In Fig. 4 one of the mold membersis shown in its closed position and the other in its open position. Toarrest the closing movement of the mold .members and accurately positionthe same in closed position, the receptacles 10 are provided on theirends with projecting lugs 17 which contact with fixed stop arms or posts18 projecting upwardly from the lugs 15 of the base.

The outer. wall 11 of each receptacle is provided with a pair of intoral forkshaped projections arranged a jacent its ends and having up rand lower arms 19, the inner parallel aces of which are engaged by apair of circular cams or eccentrics 20. The latter are'mounted on arms21 and these arms are connected by pivot pins 22 to lugs 23 that projectupwardly from the outer side edges of the base 16. Preferably the arms21 constitute the end members of a bail having a horizontal men1-,

ber 24 and in the particular. construction shown the horizontal member24 and the arms 21 of the bail are cast integral with the circular camsor eccentrics 20. Each bail, as shown most clearly in Fig. 2, fitsbetween the upper, ends of the uprights 23 on the base and the pivotpins 22 are journaled in the upper ends of these uprights and arethreaded into openings formed in the lower portions of the bail arms 21.The horizontal member 24 of each bail is provided with a central socketin which is fixed a handle 25 for swinging the cams upon the pivot pins22. Obviously, as thecams are rocked upon the pivot pins, they willcooperate. with the upper arms 19 of the mold members to move the latterto closed position and with the lower arms 19 to open the molds. As thecams are swung to close the molds, the cams move toward a dead centerposition vertically above their pivots so that they serve not only toopen and close the molds but also to lock them in closed position.Preferably, as shown in Fig. 3, the arrangement is, such that, in theclosed position of the mold members, the cams have not quite reachedtheir dead center position and hence can be employed to force themeetingfaces of the mold members into snug engagement and also to takeup wear between the contacting surfaces of the cams andlugs or arms. Itis noted that the pivotal axes about which the cams swing lie outsideofthe peripheries of the cams the receptacles and in effect constitutethe inner walls of the hollow mold members. The sections 10 are ofsubstantially uniform thickness but are preferably somewhat thicker thanthe receptacle walls 11 and 12. Preferably also the sections 10 overlapthe inner edges of the receptacles and are removably fastened by machinescrews 26 to thickened flush flanges '27- and lugs 28 formed on theinner edges of the receptacles.

The mold sections 10 of each member are. arranged in a series extendinglengthwise of the member and are spaced apart to form very narrow slits29 between the adjacent edges of the sections and extending transverselyof the mold member and vertically in the construction shown. These slitscommunicate with the cavity or cavities of the mold and vent the same,but are so narrow, being preferably only about one one-hundredth of-aninch wide, that they do not permit the passage of the molten metalfrom the cavity. 7

The particular mold shown is designed for casting an angle cock bodyhaving barrel and nozzle portions, and two oppositely arranged matricesor cavities 30 are provided for forming two castings at each operation,one half of each. cavity and of an intermediate vertical sprue 31 beingformed by the mold sections or sectionalized inner wall of each member.The mold sections are also provided with core prints 32 for receivingthe prints 33 that are formed upon the ends of the arms of substantiallycross-shaped cores 34, and theinner or parting faces of the moldsections are provided with shallow grooves 35 leading from the coreprints to the edges of the sections, thus providing for the free ventingof air and gas from the cores. In the particular construction shown eachmold member is provided with five mold sections of different widths, thewidth of the sections being so chosen that, notwithstanding theirregular and rounded surfaces of the mold cavities, the edge faces ofthe sections are at right angles to the adjacent surfaces of the moldcavities (see Fig. 5). Hence the mold sections have no thin edgesexposed to the molten'metal.

The matrix-forming portions of the mold sections project outwardly intothe chambers of the receptacles but are spaced from the walls thereof topermit the expansion and contraction and avoid the warping anddistortion of the mold sections. For the same purpose and also to avoidthe warping of the receptacles themselves, the walls of the latter arerelatively thin and capable of yielding to a slight extent, andpreferably the inner portions of the edge walls 12 and the thickenedflanges 27 thereof are slitted as indicated at 36 in Figs. 1 and 3.To'permit the ready escape of air and gas from the mold cavities and thedispersion of heat from the portions of the mold members, the exposedouter side wall 11 of each member is provided with numerous openings 37for the free circulation of air through the receptacle chambers. Thisprovision for the escape of air and gas and the dispersion of heat fromthe mold members, the sectionalizing of the inner walls thereof, theformation of mold sections, which are for the most part of substantiallyuniform thickness, the manner of mounting the sections upon the edgewalls of the receptacles with the matrix forming portions thereof spacedfrom the receptacle walls and the described construction of thereceptacles, all cooperate in preventing excessive heating and thewarping and distortion of the parts of the mold. The mold sections 10,which are of course subjected to the highest heat, should be of suchthickness that they will resist distortion, and for the same purpose inthe 'particular construction shown, the adjacent .edges of thematrix-forming portions of the end and intermediate sections areprovided with stiffening flanges 38. But excessive thickness of the.moldsections 10 should be avoided in order to prevent cracking anddistortion due to unequal heating of different portions thereof. In theparticular mold shown, when constructed for a cock casing having wallsfor the most part between one-quarter and one-half inch thick, the wallsof the matrix-forming portions of-the sections are preferably one-halfor five-eighths of an inch thick and the walls of the receptacles areabout onequarter of an inch thick. As a further aid in permitting theexpansion'and contraction of the matrixsections and the dissipation ofheat therefrom, the portions of these sections which form the coreprints and which of course are not exposed to the molten metal, arerelatively thinner, being in the present construction aboutthree-eighths of an inch thick.

The sand cores 34 are each preferably formed of two similar halves orsections. When the mold members are openthe sections of the cores can bereadily and accurately placed in position with the meeting faces of thecore sections in alignment with the matrix-forming the inner or'meetingfaces of the mold sec closing the molds the tions. Preferably the prints33 on the ends of the arms of the cross-shaped cores are of such sizethat, for the most part, they .form the end faces of the barrel andnozzle portions of the cock casing. By this provision, such end faces ofthe ,finished casting are not as dense as those formed against the metalsurfaces of the mold and together with the interior of the finishedcasting can be more readily machined. One of. the prints of each core isprovided with an opening 39 and these openings communicate with gates 40leading from the lower end of the sprue'31.

In .the construction shown the upper end of the sprue 31 communicates.with the outlet of a pouring gate formed of two'cast iron sections 41having flanges 42 through which screws extend for fasteningthe gatesections to thickened portions on the upper edge walls of the moldreceptacles. The gate sections project inwardly beyond the edges of thereceptacles and overlie certain of the mold sections 10 and havedepending portions 43 extending downwardly into engagement with theupper edges of the central mold sections in which the sprue 31 isformed. Preferably the pouring gate is of the type known as a bowl gate,and, as shown, its outlet is provided with a burnt sand strainer 44.

A. pair of fixed posts 45 are fixed to lugs 46 mounted on the base 16and the upper end portions of these posts are adapted to extend throughthe parting line of the mold members into the cavities thereof, thelower edges of the mold sectionslO and the halves or sections of thecores 34 having recesses into which the upper end portions of these.

posts extend. Preferably, as shown, the posts are tapered, and therecesses in the mold and core sections are correspondingly shaped. Inoperation as stated, the core sections are placed in the mold memberswhen the latter are-in open position. On core section's embrace the pinsor posts 45, then, when the metal is poured and sufficiently set, themold members are opened, but the casting or castings (when two are madeat the same operation) and the core or cores rema n on the fixed postsor pins'45 and can be conveniently removed therefrom. In this way thefinished castings are i readily disengaged from the permanent moldmembers and indeed are entirely removed from contact with the metalwalls of the mold members as soon as the latter are opened. Hence, byquickly opening the mold as soon as the casting is set, excessivehardening or chilling of the casting and overheating of the mold membersare avoided. In 0 eration it has been found that using a suita 1enonchilling iron, castings can be formed in which there is little or nohardening chill due to combined carbon, although the sur-' faces of thecastings formed bv'contact with the metal walls of the mold will bequite dense and non-porous. The cores of course protect the posts 45from contact with the molten metal. It is noted that since the coreprints form the portions of the cavity surface that are at right anglesto the parting line of the mold members, there is no binding or rubbingbetween the faces of the casting and the mold members as the latter areopened. Instead, the initial opening movement of the mold membersimmediately carries the permanent walls of the mold cavity out ofcontact with the casting. The improvement provides a simple, durablemold which, in its preferred form, nee-d consist of but two parts ormembers and which can be readily and easily operated for making valvebodies and other hollow castings.

Obvious changes may be made in the details set forth without departurefrom the essentials of the invention as defined in the claims.

I claim as my invention 1. A permanent mold for iron and like castingscomprising two hollow metal members having abutting inner walls providedwith matrixportions of substantially uniform thickness spaced from theouter Walls thereof, said hollow members having openings in their outerwalls for the circulation of air therethrough and narrow slits dividingthe inner walls thereof into separate sections and communicating withthe matrix, substantially as described.

2. In a permanent metal -mold for iron and like castings, a base, twomold members,

each member comprising a plurality of metal mold sections and supportingmeans movably mounted on said base and to which said sections areindependently and ,detachably secured, and means for moving thesupporting: means and the mold-sections III) of each member as a unit toopen and close the mold, said metal mold sections having portions ofsubstantially uniform thickness spaced from the other walls of the moldmembers and cooperating to form a matrix and said sections being spacedapart to permit the expansion thereof and form narrow venting slitscommunicating with the matrix.

3, In a permanent metal mold for iron and like castings, a base, twomold members, each member comprising a plurality of metal mold sectionsarranged side by side in a series extending lengthwise of the moldmember and having portions of substantially uniform thickness spacedfrom the other walls of the mold members and cooperating with oneanother and with like portions of the mold sections of the other memberto form a matrix, and supporting means movprint portions spaced fromably mounted in the base for connecting the sections of each memberandto which said sections are secured in spaced relation to permit theexpansion thereof and form narrow venting slits communicating with thematrix.

4. A permanent metal mold for iron and like castings comprising twohollow boxlike receptacles having open inner faces and openings in theouter walls thereof for the circulation of air, metal sectionsdetachably secured to the inner edges of each of said members andhavingmatrix portions'spaced from the walls of said receptacles, saidsections being spaced apart to permit the expansion thereof and formnarrow venting slits communicating with the matrix substantially asdescribed.

5. A permanent metal mold for castings comprising hollow members havingabutting inner walls provided with matrix and core the outer walls ofsaid members, said hollow members having openings in the outer walls forthe circulation of air and the inner walls thereof being divided intoseparate sections spaced apart to form narrow slits communicating withthe matrix, and said sections having venting grooves initheir innerfaces leading from the core prints, substantially as described.

6. A permanent metal mold for castings comprising two box-like members,and a plurality of metal sections detachably secured to the inner edgesof each of said members and having matrix portions of substantiallyuniform thickness and relatively thinner core print portions, saidmatrix and core print portions being spaced from the walls of saidmembers and said sections being spaced apart to permit the expansionthereof, substantially as described.

7. A permanent metal mold for iron and like castings comprising twobox-like members having openings in their outer walls for thecirculation of air 'thbr'ethrough and open inner sides provided withflush edge flanges, and a plurality of metal-sections overlapping anddetachably secured to the inner edge flanges of each of said members andhaving, matrix portions of substantially uniform thickness, saidsections being spaced apart and said edge flanges being slitted,substantially as described.

8. A permanent metal mold for iron and like castings comprising hollowbox-like members having open inner faces, anda plurality of metalsections detachably secured to the inner edges of each of said membersand having matrix portions of substantially uniform thickness spacedfrom the walls of said members, substantially as described.

9. A permanent metal mold for iron and ing flanges at their edges,

and a plurality of.

like castings comprising hollow box-like members having open innerfaces, and a plurality of metal sect-ions detachably secured to theinner edges of each of said members and having portions of substantiallyuniform thickness cooperating to form a mold matrix, certain of thematrix forming portions of said sections having stiffensubstantially asdescribed.

10. A permanent metal mold for iron and like castings comprising twohollow boxlike members having open inner faces, and a plurality of metalmatrix sections detachably secured to the inner edges of each of saidmembers, with venting slits for the matrix between the adjacent edges ofsaid sections, the walls of saidmembers being relatively thinner thansaid matrix sections and having openings for the circulation of air,substantially as described.

11; A' permanent metal moldfor cast iron valve bodies and likehollowcastings comprisin two box-like members having open inner faces andopenings in their outer walls for the circulation of air, and aplurality of matrix sections detachably secured to the inner edges ofeach of said members and venting slits for the matrix between theadjacent edge faces of said sections, said edge faces being at rightangles to the adjacent portions of the matrix surfaces, substantially asdescribed.

12. In a mold for casting a valve body having a barrel. and nozzleportions, the combination of box-like metal members having abuttinginner walls and core print portions, and a substan tially cross-shapedsand core having prints at the ends of its arms'that form, at least inpart, the end faces of the barrel and nozzle portions of the valve body,substantially as described.

13. In a mold for casting a valve bodyhaving a-barrel and nozzleportions, the

combinationof two hollow metal members having abutting inner wallsprovided with matrix and core print portions, and a substantiallycross-shaped, two-part core having prints at the ends of its arms andmeeting faces coinciding with the meeting faces of said inner walls,substantially as described.

14. In a mold for casting hollow bodies,

' the combination of a base, two hollow metal members having abuttinginner walls provided with matrix and core print portions, said membersbeing pivotally mounted on said base and having vertical closedpositions and oppositely clined open positions, a two-part core havingmeeting faces coinciding with the meeting faces of said inner walls, andmeans for moving said members to open and close the mold.

provided with matrix.

and outwardly inthe valve body, substantially as described.

16. In a mold for casting hollow articles, the combination of pivotallymounted per- 'manent mold memberseach movable to and position, a corehaving an and" a post projecting from closed opening therein, throughthe parting line of said members and having its axis intersectingtheaxis" of the pivotal mounting, said jecting into theopening in said'core, stantially as described.

.17 In a permanent mold for casting hollowarticles, the combination of abase, two mold members pivotally mounted on a common horizontal axis onsaid'base, a core for the mold having an opening therein and a postmounted, on said base and adapted to project between said members, whenthe latter are closed, and extend into the opening in said core, saidpost having its axis intersecting said common hor1- zontal axis,substantially as described. 18. In'a permanent moldfor casting hollowarticles, the combination of a base, two moldmembers mounted thereon to.move to and from closed position, means on said base for opening andclosing said members and for locking the samein closed position, a postprojecting upwardly from said base, and a two-part core for the mold,one or both of the meeting faces of the members and the two-part corehaving recesses through which the post extends when the mold is closed,substantially as described.

post prosub- 19. In a permanent mold for casting valve bodies, thecombination of a base, two boxlike metallmembers pivoted on said 1 basefrom a vertical closedposition, the inner abutting walls of said memherehaving portions forming two mold cavities, a sprue leading to thecavities and the mold cavities hav ing openings therein, two posts onthe. base.

core prints, cores for projecting upwardly between the mold members andadapted to extend into the' openings in the cores, and means on the basefor moving said members between their openand closed positions,substantially as described.

20,111 a" permanent casting mold, the combination of a base, two moldmembers horizontally pivoted at their lower portions fon'said base toswingto and. from a verti-' circulation of air cal closed position abouta substantially horizontal pivot, means on said base for moving saidmembers to open and close the mold, and meanson said base for supportingthe finished casting independently of the mold members when the latterare opened, said means having its longitudinal axis intersecting theaxis of said pivot, substantially as described.

21. In a permanent casting mold, the combination of abase, two moldmembers pivotally connected to said base to swin to and from a verticalclosed position a but a common horizontal axis arranged below and inline with 'their parting surfaces, means on said base for moving saidmembers to open and close the mold and an upright on said base with itsaxis intersecting the said horizontal axis and arranged to projectthrough the parting line of said members into the mold-cavity forremoving the casting from both of said members as the latter are opened,substantially as described.

22. The combination in a permanent casting moldfor iron and likecastings, of two mold members each comprising a support and a pluralityof metal mold sections mounted thereon side by side in a longitudinalseries, said sections forming the arting surfaces of the mold membersand aving portions of substantially uniform thickness spaced from theother walls of the members and forming the mold cavity, and saidsections being independently and de- 100 tachably fixed to said supportsin spaced relation to permit the expansion thereof and forming a seriesof narrow, transverse venting slits forthe mold cavity, a base whereonsaid supports are ivotally mounted and 105 means'on said base or movingsaid members'to open and close the mold, substantially as described.

23. A permanent metal mold for iron and like casting comprising tworelatively mov- 110 able, hollow, box-like members having openings intheir outer walls for the circulation of air therethrough, each of saidmembers comprising a plurality of metal mold sections forming theparting surface thereof 115 andhaving matrix portions of substantiallyuniform thickness spaced from the other walls of the mold member and asupport to which said sections are independently and detachably securedin a longitudinal series 12 and in spaced relation to permit theexpansion thereof and the venting of the mold cavity, substantially asdescribed.

24. In a permanent metal mold for iron and like castin s, thecombination of a base, two hollow, ox-like members pivotally mounted onsaid base to swing to and from a vertical closed position, said membershaving openings in their outer walls for the therethrough and havingabutting inner walls provided with matrix portions spaced from the otherWalls of said members and sectionalized for venting and expansion, meansfor moving said members to open and close the mold and means projectingthrough the parting line of said members for removing the casting fromboth members as the latter are opened, substantially as described.

25. A permanent casting mold for valve bodies and like castings havingcurved ex ternal surfaces, comprising two hollow metal members havingabutting inner Walls provided with portions forming. a mold cavity, eachof said walls being divided into a plurality of separate sections withnarrow venting slits for the mold cavity between the adjacent edge facesof said edge sections, said edge faces being at right angles to theadjacent surfaces of the mold cavity, substant-ially as described.

26. In a permanent two part mold for casting a valve body having barreland nozzle portions, the combination of a base, two hollow, box-likemembers pivotally mounted on said base to open and close the mold, saidmembers having openings in their outer walls for the circulation of airtherethrough and having abutting inner walls provided with matrix andcore print portions spaced from the other walls of said members andsectionalized for venting and expansion, and a substantially cross shapesand. core having prints at the ends of its arms forming the end facesof the barrel and nozzle portions of the valve body, substantially asdescribed.

27. In a permanent mold for hollow castings, two relatively movablemembers having abutting walls provided with cavity forming portions, anda core supported within the cavity and having molding sur faces forforming the portions of the cavity molding faces that are disposed atright angles to the parting surfaces of the mold members, to therebyrelieve the casting from undue sliding contact with the movable membersduring opening movement thereof, substantially as described.

28. In a permanent two-part casting mold for valve bodies and likehollow castings, the combination of two hollow members pivotally mountedto open and close the mold and having abutting inner walls provided withcavityand core print portions and a' core mounted within the mold cavityand 1 having prints forming the portions of the cavity surface that aredisposed at right angles to the parting faces of bers, substantially asdescribed.

29. In a permanent two part mold for hollow castings, a base,'two moldmembers pivotally mounted on said base to swing to and from a verticalclosed position and forming the mold cavity, a core supported the moldmem-" within the cavity and having prints form ing the portions of thecavity surface that surfaces of the mold members, an upright on saidbase projecting between the parting surfaces of the mold members andarranged to engage said core for supporting the latter and the castingindependently of the members as the latter are opened, substantially asdescribed.

30. In combination in a permanent casting mold, a base, two hollow moldmembers pivotally mounted thereon and having abutting inner wallsdivided with cavity forming and core printing portions and sectionalizedfor venting and expansion, a core supported in the mold cavity, meansfor moving said members to open and close the mold and a part mounted onthe base and extending through the parting line of the mold members toengage the core and sup port the same and the casting independently ofthe mold members as the latter are opened, substantially as described.

31. Aipermanent mold for castings, comprising a plurality of hollowmetal members all movable about axes extending in the same direction andhaving abutting innor walls provided with matrix portions spaced fromthe outer walls thereof, said hollow members having openings in theirouter walls for the circulation of air therethrough, and narrow slitsdividing the inner walls thereof into separate sections andcommunicating with the matrix, substantially as described.

32. In a permanent metal mold, a base, a plurality of mold membersmovable about a common axis onsuch base, said members comprising aplurality of mold sections forming a complete matrix and supportingmeans to which the sections are independently and detachably secured,and means for moving the supporting means to open and close'the mold,said mold sections being spaced to permit expansion thereof and formnarrow venting slits, substantially as described.

33. A permanent metal mold for castings, comprising hollow members withabutting inner walls provided with a matrix and a core print portionspaced from the outer walls of said members, said hollow members havingopenings in their outer walls for the circulation of air and the innerwalls being ivided into separate sections spaced apart to form slitscommunicating with the matrix, at least one of said sections havingaventing groove in its inner face leading from the core print,substantially as ,described,

34. A permanent metal mold, comprising a plurality of box-like members,and a plurality of metal sections detachably secured to each of saidmembers and having matrix portions with a relativel thinner core printportion, said matrix and core print portion being spaced from the wallsof said members and said sections being spaced apart to permit theexpansion thereof, substantially as described.

35. A permanent metal mold for castings, comprising hollow box-likemembers all movable about a common axis and having open inner faces, anda plurality of metal sections detachably secured to each of saidmembers, said sections being spaced from the walls of said members andcooperating to form a common matrix, substantially as described.

36. A permanent metal mold, comprising a plurality of spacedmatrix-forming sections forming a matrix of irregular longitudinalcontour, said sections having edges substantially normal to the portionof the matrix face at the point of intersection, substantially asdescribed.

CLIFTON D. PETTIS.

